The LM7805 is a 7805 Voltage Regulator IC that provides an output of +5 volts.

Similar to many other regulators available, it features a three-pin configuration: an input pin for receiving incoming DC voltage, a ground pin for grounding the regulator, and an output pin that delivers the positive 5 volts.

Product Features:

3-Terminal Regulators
Output Current up to 1.5A
Internal Thermal-Overload Protection
High Power-Dissipation Capability
Internal Short-Circuit Current Limiting
Output Transistor SAFE-Area Compensation
Fun Fact!

Did you notice that the last two digits of the LM7805 match the output voltage? This is not a coincidence but rather a mnemonic device to help remember the output voltages. The LM7805 is part of the LM78XX series, where the XX denotes the voltage each regulator provides.
 

What You Need to Know When Using the LM7805

Absolute Maximum Input Voltage: 35V

Recommended Operating Conditions:

Input Voltage: Minimum 7V, Maximum 25V
Output Current: 1.5A
Operating Virtual Junction Temperature: Minimum 0°C, Maximum 125°C
Possible High Temperatures

The LM7805 can overheat if the difference between the input and output voltages is not properly managed, potentially leading to malfunction. Solutions include:

Limiting the input voltage to 2-3 volts above the regulated output voltage
Incorporating a heat sink in the circuit to dissipate heat
LM7805: Linear or Switching Voltage Regulator?

Voltage regulators can be categorized into two types:

Linear voltage regulator
Switching voltage regulator
The LM7805 is a linear voltage regulator. But what exactly does each type mean?