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Diabetes: Treatment & Advances

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic condition marked by high blood sugar levels due to issues with insulin production or use. It includes:

• Type 1 Diabetes: An autoimmune disorder where the body attacks insulin-producing cells.
• Type 2 Diabetes: Often linked to lifestyle factors, where the body becomes resistant to insulin or doesn’t produce enough.
• Gestational Diabetes: Develops during pregnancy and usually resolves after childbirth but increases future diabetes risk.

Treatment involves:

1. Lifestyle Changes: A balanced diet, regular exercise, and weight management are crucial.
2. Medications: Insulin therapy for type 1 and some type 2 cases, oral medications, or non-insulin injectables for type 2.
3. Monitoring: Regular blood glucose checks and advanced continuous glucose monitors (CGM) help manage levels effectively.

Recent Advances include:

• Smart Insulin Pens and Pumps: Offer precise, automated insulin delivery.
• Artificial Pancreas Systems: Automatically adjust insulin based on real-time glucose levels.
• Enhanced CGM Technology: Provides more accurate, actionable data.
• Telemedicine: Enables remote management and consultations.

These innovations are enhancing diabetes care, making management more effective and convenient.